Metallic window frame and sash.



No. 724,133. PATENTED MAR. 31, 1903.

H. 0. SMITH.

METALLIG WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1902.

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PATBNTED MAR. 31, 1903.

, H. 0. SMITH. METALLIC WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

no MODE WITQ E5 5 E Z a I No. 724,133.

. PATENTED MAR. 31, 1903. H. 0. SMITH.

META LLIU WINDOW FRAME AND SASH. I APPLICATION IILBD JAN. 2, 1902. noMODEL.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIGE.

HENRY COLLIER SMITH, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TOSMITH-WARREN COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORA- TION OFMASSACHUSETTS.

METALLIC WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 724,133, dated March31, 1903.

Application filed January 2, 1902. Serial No. 88,226. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY COLLIER SMITH, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in MetallicWindow Frames and Sashes, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forminga part ofthis specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to an improvement in the construction andadjustment of windows having a fixed lower sash and a swinging uppersash; and some of the objects of the invention are to provide improvedmeans for the mounting and adjustmentoftheswinging sash, especially thata weatherproof fastening may be secured. In the construction of thefixed lower sash it is desired that all unnecessary detail inconstruction may be eliminated, that the area of the glass panel may beincreased, and that the same may be easily inserted and retained throughthe use of detachable sections.

With these and other objects in view the invention consistssubstantially in the construction hereinafter more fully described inthe specification, and illustratedin the drawings, in which- Figure 1 isa view in elevation of a portion of a metallic window and of twowindow-sashes containing my invention. Fig. 2 is a view in verticalsection upon the dotted line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in verticalsection upon the dotted line 3 3 of Fig. 2 and in eletion of parts backof said line. Fig. 4is a detail view in horizontal section upon thedotted line 4 4 of Fig. 1, showing the sash in closed position. Fig. 5is a view of the same parts representing the sash as swungopen. Fig. 6is an enlarged cross-sectional view through the fixed sash, showingespecially the retaining-caps for the fixed glass pane. Fig. 7 is a Viewin horizontal section upon the dotted line 7 7 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, A is the lower glass light or lights, represented asoccupying afixed re-. lation to the window-frame B, and Cis awindow-sash which is shown as having a pivoted relation to the frameB,so as to swing from a vertical closed position to a more or less'inclined open position crosswise the frame. This sash isrepresented inits closed position in Fig. l and as open in Figs. 2 and 5. It isattached to the frame by pivots, one lettered 0 being shown, which restin open hearings or sockets b, formed in brackets attached to the frame,the bracket shown being lettered b. The pivots are carried by platesvertically adjustable upon the window-sash, preferably by means of slotsin the sash-rail and screws or bolts passing through them. The plateshown is lettered c, the slots in it 0 and the screws 0 Thisconstruction permits the sash to be placed in the frame and removed fromit without the removal of any parts by simply opening the sash andmoving it upward to disengage the pivots from the bearings. It alsopermits the sash to be adjusted in its opening in the frame 'and withrespect to its bearings by changing or adjusting the pivot-" plates uponit. The sash is represented as so attached to the frame as to cause itslower part beneath the points of attachment to be heavier than its upperpart, and thus serve to automatically close it and maintain it closed.It is locked, preferably automatically, in its closed position byaspring-actuated latch 0 carried by the upper bar of the sash, and acatch 0 in the top of the window-frame. It is represented as held openby a cord or chain 0 preferably attached to the latch 0 that it may beused for also withdrawing the latch from the catch preparatory to themovement of the sash, and this cord or chain at its lower end has aloop, hook, or other means a for detachably connecting it with thestationary hook or holder 0 The loop 0 may itself be destruotible byheat, or any other portion of the cord or chain may be made to be sodestructible. The holder 0 is also secured, preferably, to the frame orlower sill by means dostructible by heat and preferably by heat upon theexterior of the window frame and sash. As it is desirable that thisengaging and holding end should be upon the inside of the window-frame,I have represented it as having an extension 0 through a hole 0 on theinside of the sash-frame and beneath the glass of the frame to a pointupon the outside of the frame, passing through the hole (1 therein,where its end is united to the sashframe by means destructible by heat,preferably fusible solder, the said means being thus placed in anexposed position upon the outside of the sashes at or near the sill ofthe window-frame. It will thus be seen that the device for holding thesash open has two places at which it maybe automatically separated ordetached from its holder to permit the window-sash to automaticallyclose. One is inside the sash and would be operated by undue heat withinthe room or apartment within the window and the other by the presence ofundue heat upon the outside of the window. As the extension 0 is curvedas represented, it may readily be withdrawn from the frame by thewindow-sash in case the connection therewith becomes destroyed.

I have represented in Fig. 3 the extension 0 of the holder as beingcovered in part by a sheet-metal housing or cap 0 to protect it from thecement or substance with which the sill-cavity is filled, attached tothe frame of the lower window-sash.

The window-frame B has a construction which permits it to be readilyadapted for use in receiving and holding any type of pivoted or hingedwindow-sash either in connection with or in a fixed window-sash or lightof glass, and in this connection I would say that I do not confinemyself to the manner of pivoting or hinging a movable window-sash lo theframe or to the direction in which it shall turn with respect to theframe in opening and closing a window; neither do I confine myself tothe places in the window-frame where it is located. The windowframe hassheet-metal side sections, one of which (lettered Z2 is shown. Theseside sections are connected at the top and bottom by suitablesheet-metal connections, and each one is preferably made of a singleplate of fiat metal shaped to provide the stiffened corners b If, thesides 11 I) and the vertical face b bounding the window-opening and inwhich is the vertical recess or groove b The face preferably is of aboutthe width of the thickness of the sash-frame, and at each side of itthere is a plain surface b 1), against whichportions of glass-retainingcaps may bear and be secured and which may end in angular shoulders Z) Dextending outward and forming an abutment to conceal and cover the rawedges of the glass-retaining caps. The recess or groove b is preferablymidway the sides 1) b Itspurpose is. to provide means for the locatingand for the holding or for assisting in the holding of the parts knownas glassretaining caps, forming a part of the fixed or stationary windowfor holding the glass therein, of which I shall hereinafter makemention, and also portions of the Weatherstops which are used inconjunction with other weather-stops attached to the pivoted or hingedwindow-sash, as may be seen by the sash.

comparing Fig. 4 with Fig. 6. The grooves b are so located to permitthem to be used for both purposes and wherever it may be desired in theheight of the window to locate stationary glass lights or movable sashesof the character described, or either, and also to permit the reversalof the weather-stops necessary between pivoted sashes and windowframe,to be hereinafter described.

E and E, Figs. 4, 5, and 7, represent the weather-stops for the movablewindow-sash and the section of the window-framein which it moves. Theweather-stop E is attached to the frame and the weather-stop E to thesash. One is bent to form a recess or groove, into which the othercloses, and where the sash is pivoted to the frame the groove at oneside of the pivot will be upon the stops attached to the frame to openthe other side of the pivot to the stops attached to the sash in orderthat the sash may be turned. In Fig. '7 the weather-stop E isrepresented as provided with the groove or recess 6. It is formed bybending backward a part of the metal of the stop and so as to presentits opening e'toward The weather-stop also has the section e whichenters the groove b and the portion e which lies along the face I) ofthe frame and is attached thereto by riveting or in any other desiredway. The weather-stop E is attached to the corner of the frame of thesash B. It has the section 6 projecting outwardly from the corner toenter the recess 6 when the sash is closed, and the section 6'', whichis contained in the recess or groove e of the sash-frame, which alsoholds a corresponding part of the piece e forming the sash-plate edge,the groove or recess being formed from the piece a of the sash-framewhich provides the sides, inner edge, and glass-receiving groove andwhich is bent backward upon itself at the corner and then outward againto form the said recess or groove, the parts being secured together bypressure, riveting, or solder. It is to be observed that theseweather-stops, however they may be constructed, are placed on theoutside corner or inside corner of the sash, depending as they lie aboveor below the pivot on which the sash swings-in other words, exactly inreverse positionthat the top section of the sash may swing outward intoa weather-stop and the bottom section inward, the plateholding recess 12being especially adapted to facilitate such adjustment.

Particularly important in a window of this kind is the construction ofthe means for the retention of the fixed glass light, especially thatthe glass may readily be secured to the frame by the use of removablesections, for as the glass is fixed all unnecessary parts which might goto make uparemovable sash are eliminated and the glass built, as itwere, into the frame, thus necessitating a radical change in the detailof construction.

In Fig. 2 are seen the top and bottom settings to the glass. Instead ofa bottom rail the glass is lowered directly into a groove B in thewindow frame or sill. The top setting consists of the rail D, connectingthe two sides of thewindow-frame. This rail may be made in sections, asseen 'in Fig. 2, or of a single piece of sheet metal. The rail is shapedespecially to provide the projecting section d and beveled facing cl,against which thepivoting-sash may close, and to provide also theholding-flanges d d for the retention of the upper edge of the fixedglass light and which, in effect, forms a bottomless grooved openinginto the cavity of the bar. As for the side sections stiles aredispensed with and the glass set, as it were, into the frame, the widthof the glass being determined by the distance between the sides of theframe, sufficient space only remaining to permit an easy insertion.Thatthe glass may be retained in place along the sides to the frame Ihave the detachable and attachable side sections H and L. The sidesection H is shaped or formed to provide first the flange h, which issecured to the side 11 of the frame by suitable bolts or screws. Thepiece also has the surfaces It and it formed to provide the face 71which acts as an outer stop or flange against which the glass may hear.The section also has the sideh offering an end-retaining surface to theglass, While the flange-piece h is adapted to enter the recess 11 formedin the side of the frame. It is to be observed that as this section H isconstructed it becomes locked to the side of the frame when the glass isinserted. In other words, in order to detach it the glass must first betaken out of its setting. Section L consists of the flange l, detachablysecured to the side h of the frame. The section also has the surfaces Z1 formed to provide the retaining-face l to the glass and also acts as aflange to enter the recess 19 so securely fixing the section. Thisconstruction permits the glass pane to be placed in the windowframe,with the cross-bar B and sill in position or fixed to the rest of theframe, but of course before the glass-retaining caps H and L have beenplaced, it being simply necessary to lift the pane sufticiently betweenthe flanges d 11 into the cavity B to permit its lower edge to bebrought into line with the groove B. A downward movement of the panewill then enter it in this groove, While its upper edge will still beretained between the flanges aforesaid. The retaining-caps H arefastened to the frame before the glass is placed in position, and theretaining-caps L are then secured in place to the frame, the recess 17being so located and the retainingcaps L being so shaped to permit thecaps to be moved toward the faces of the frame and their sections 12 tobe within the grooves and their sectionsZ attached to the sides of theframe.

The advantages of the construction are apparent.

In connection with the fixed glass light it is to be understood thatthis may be regarded as being set in a fixed sash, the sill, uppercross-bar, and detachable side sections acting as a sash for the settingand retention of the glass, or the glass light may be regarded'as beingset right into the frame and the de-' tachable side sections acting as adetachable part of the frame for the setting and re'ten-* tion of theglass. The latter observation would perhaps be the more preferable.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claim and desire to secure by LettersPatent of the United States g 1.A metallic window-frame having faces against the edges of the sashes anda recess in each of the faces, and detachable glass-rein said recessesand sections of which are'fastened to the frame outside the recesses.

2. A metallic window-frame having faces against the edges of the sashes,a recess in each of the faces and surfaces for receiving sections ofglass-retaining caps, and glass-re taining caps, parts of which arecontained in said recesses, parts of which form a recess for receivingand holding glass and parts of which bear against the said surfaces ofthe frame and are united thereto.

3. A metallic window-frame having faces against the edges of the sashes,a recess in each faceand detachable glass-retaining caps attached to theframe and having sections to taining caps, sections of which arecontained ICO ing recess and the other the other side thereof. r

4. A metallic window-frame having faces against the edges of the sash orsashes, a recess in each of said faces, a weather-stop attached to eachside having a section contained in the recess and which above thepivotal bearing of the sash are bent to form exterior grooves, and belowthe pivotal bearing of the sash exterior flanges, and a metal windowsashhaving vertical recesses along each side of its sides, auxiliaryweather-stops attached to each side of the sash to cooperate with thefixed weather-stops aforesaid of the frame, each having a sectioncontained in the said recesses of the sash which above the pivotalbearing of the sash form a flange which cooperates with the said groovedweather-stops lot the frame, and below the pivotal bearing of the sashis bent to form a groove to 006perate with the said flanges of theweatherstop attached to the frame. 5. A metallic Window-frame havingface against the edges of a sash or sashes and a longitudinal groove orrecess in each face, a fixed weather-stop attached to each face having asection to enter the recess and a section to form the stop, and ametallic window-sash having at each corner a Weather-stop to cooperatewith the fixed weather-stops and having a flange combined with theflange of the piece forming the edge of the sash bya hold; ing-jointformed from the metal of the piece forming the side of the sash.

6, A metallic window frame having attached thereto brackets forming openbearings for the trunnions or pivots of a movable sash, plates securedto said sash to be adjustable lengthwise it, and pivots or trnnnionsextending from said plates to the open bearlugs.

7. A metallic window frame, a metallic window-sash pivoted thereto andadapted to automatieall y assume a closed position, and means forholding said sash open comprising a holder extending across the framedetachably connected upon one side of the frame with the sash andattached to the other side of the frame by means releasable by heat.

8. A metallic window-frame, a pivoted metallic sash contained in it,adapted to automaticallyassumeaclosed position and means for holdingsaid sash open comprisinga holder spanning the frame anddetachablyconnected with the sash by means releasable by heat upon oneside of the frame and detachably connected with the other side of theframe by means releasable by heat.

9. A metallic window frame, a metallic window-sash contained in theframe, adapted to automatically assume a closed position, a holderspanning the frame havingits end secured to one side thereof by meansreleasable by heat and having its other end forming a portion of adetachable connection,-and means connecting said last-named end with thesash detachably secured to it and containing means releasable by heat.

10. A metallic window-frame, a metallic sash contained in the frame,adapted to automatically assume a closed position, a holder passingthrough the frame attached to one side of it by means releasable byheat, the said holder being then removable from the frame by the closingof the sash.

11. A metallic window having detachable glass-retaining caps secured toits sides and values forming recesses for holding the edges of theglass, a sill or cross-support providing a recess for holding the loweredge of the glass and a cross-bar opposed to the sillor crosssupporthaving a bottomless recess for holding the upper edge of the glass.

12. The combination of a metallic windowframe having faces against theedges of the sashes and a longitudinal recess or groove in each of saidfaces, a crossbar or sill having a glass-receiving groove or recess anda cross supporter munnion having a bottomless recess or groove opposedto the last-named recess or groove in which the glass is verticallymovable and which also acts to hold the upper edge of the glass, anddetachable glassretaining caps secured to the sides of the frame withportions in the longitudinal recesses therein.

13. A metallic window-frame, a fixed pane or sash secured to the lowerpart thereof, a swinging sash attached to the upper part thereof,adapted when free to automatically assume a closed position, means forautomatically locking it in its closed position, and means for holdingit open releasable at will, and having two releasing-points actuated byheat, one upon one side of the fixed sash and the other upon the otherside thereof.

14:. A metal window frame inclosing a swinging, and also a fixed sash orglass light and having a longitudinal groove or recess in and extendingalong the entire length of its sides, separate pieces of sheet metaladapted to be inserted therein along their edge, and so formed as toprovide not only a Weatherstrip for the swinging sash, but alsoadetachable means for retaining the fixed glass light.

HENRY COLLIER SMITH.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN E. R. HAYES, SAUL SIPPERSTEIN.

